Transit
CTE is the national leader in providing technical assistance for zero-emission bus (ZEB) deployments, guiding transit agencies through battery electric and fuel cell electric bus deployment projects while minimizing project risks.
CTE is experienced in managing a range of zero-emission bus projects from new bus development and demonstration projects to full fleet deployment and transition planning projects. Our portfolio includes projects made possible through the Federal Transit Administration’s (FTA) Low-No Emission Vehicle Program, TIGGER Program, Clean Fuels Program, the National Fuel Cell Bus Program, as well as agency-funded work.
CTE has provided technical and management support or transition planning assistance to more than 100 transit agencies. Transit agencies supported by CTE’s Smart Deployment service have either deployed or will soon deploy more than 700 zero-emission buses.
"Since our initial deployment of ZEBs, CTE has been a valued partner throughout this incredible journey. From technical studies, bus and infrastructure design, project management, to operations monitoring and workforce development, CTE has global experience and advocacy know how to support the transportation industry’s transition to clean zero-emission technology."
Transit Services
CTE helps the fleet owner develop a project management plan to guide their zero-emission vehicle project. CTE collaborates with the fleet owner to define project objectives and scope, identify resources, and develop a detailed project schedule and implementation plan. The project plan is then presented at the project kickoff meeting held with key team members and stakeholders.
CTE’s modeling suite uses our proprietary engineering and analysis tools to develop an independent operational analysis that helps the fleet owner match ZEV technologies to service requirements.
Vehicle & Route Modeling – CTE gathers data on routes, technical specifications of the vehicle and charging or refueling equipment, and operational assumptions. This route and vehicle information is used to model the vehicles’ duty cycles, simulating vehicle performance on selected routes. The process also ensures that adequate power and energy storage specifications are met and inform fueling and charging strategies.
Fueling Infrastructure Modeling – For battery electric vehicle deployments, CTE defines charging scenarios to model electricity consumption and assess charging equipment requirements. Modeling results for electricity inform infrastructure procurement and operational decisions. For fuel cell electric vehicle deployments, CTE will determine daily hydrogen consumption and station throughput requirements given the fleet owner’s refueling window. CTE will also estimate a station scale-up plan as a starting point for fueling station design discussions.
Fuel Cost Modeling – CTE examines electric utility rate structures to estimate the annual cost of energy to charge battery electric vehicles. CTE works with the fleet owner and local utility providers to determine rate schedules that would be the most advantageous for supporting battery electric vehicle deployments. For fuel cell electric vehicle deployments, CTE will identify likely sources of hydrogen supply, evaluate hydrogen supply reliability, and estimate the cost of hydrogen.
Based on the modeling outputs, CTE helps fleet owners develop vehicle and infrastructure technical specifications to meet service requirements. The specifications can then be used as part of a competitive procurement or to develop a contract with a named vendor. CTE also provides advisory services throughout the design and build process.
If the fleet owner chooses to select a vehicle, charging, hydrogen refueling station, or facility modification vendor through a competitive procurement, CTE supports the fleet owner in the procurement process, including the preparation of Requests for Proposals (RFP), technical evaluation of proposals, vendor demonstrations, site visits to vendor facilities, vendor negotiations, and contracting.
Before the delivered vehicles enter service, CTE runs a series of tests to validate the expected levels of vehicle performance. If there are any discrepancies between the modeled and the tested performance, CTE will work with the fleet owner to analyze these discrepancies and reevaluate operational decisions before the fleet owner places the vehicles into service.
CTE collects operational data to generate a series of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to measure benefits and ensure the vehicles perform as expected. KPIs can be used to compare ZEV performance against the fleet owner’s current vehicle fleet by measuring and reporting mileage, fuel consumption and costs, maintenance costs, battery degradation, and efficiency and range under varying conditions. This information is used to assess energy savings, cost savings, and emissions reductions to measure performance against expectations and goals and to validate the operating model. Continuous KPI monitoring establishes an understanding of the technology that can be applied to future ZEV procurements, deployments, and long-range fleet management planning.
CTE employs a project management methodology specifically designed for zero-emission vehicle deployments and augmented by established project management, administration, reporting, and controls processes. CTE provides technical advisory services throughout the project to ensure that fleet owner staff understand the differences in technology and the best practices for deploying and operating ZEVs. CTE’s Smart Deployment Methodology is designed to address all aspects of a successful implementation including planning, requirements analysis, specifications, workforce development requirements, operator and maintenance training, testing and validation, and performance evaluation.
Transit Project Spotlight
Spokane City Line Goes Electric
The city of Spokane, Washington, in collaboration with the Center for Transportation and the Environment (CTE), has expanded its battery-electric bus (BEB) fleet, launching the much-anticipated City Line service on July 15, 2023. With a strong commitment to environmental stewardship, Spokane Transit Authority’s (STA) new zero-emission transit buses offer passengers a quieter, cleaner, and more comfortable ride while reducing the city’s carbon footprint.
The introduction of these BEBs not only benefits the environment but also has a positive impact on Spokane’s urban landscape. These buses offer a “streetcar-like” experience, significantly reducing congestion on the city’s streets. By promoting the use of public transportation, Spokane aims to create a more efficient and interconnected urban transit system, providing residents with a reliable and convenient alternative to private vehicles.
CTE played a pivotal role in overseeing all phases of the project, from project management to developing bus and fueling specifications. Route, rate, and charge modeling ensured the smooth integration of BEBs into Spokane’s existing public transportation system. Additionally, CTE conducted rigorous validation testing and Key Performance Indicator (KPI) assessments to guarantee the highest standards of safety, efficiency, and performance.
"CTE has been an important partner as we look to the future of zero-emission BEBs. They have applied our specific regional characteristics like climate, topography, route distance, and passenger loads, to industry cost and performance data to help STA develop an informed fleet electrification plan."
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