Commercial & Private Fleets
From utility services and logistics to agriculture and construction, commercial fleets keep the economy moving—and now, many are exploring zero-emission technologies to reduce costs, cut emissions, and future-proof their operations.


Electrifying these fleets isn’t one-size-fits-all. Operators face challenges like high vehicle costs, infrastructure complexity, and limited equipment availability across niche applications. More than 10% of U.S. vehicle-related emissions come from non-transportation sectors like agriculture and construction, highlighting the need—and opportunity—for targeted fleet solutions.

CTE helps commercial and private fleets plan and deploy clean transportation technologies with confidence. From grant writing to smart deployment strategies, we offer practical, customized support to keep operations running clean, reliably, and efficiently.


Smart Deployment Services
CTE helps the fleet owner develop a project management plan to guide their zero-emission vehicle project. CTE collaborates with the fleet owner to define project objectives and scope, identify resources, and develop a detailed project schedule and implementation plan. The project plan is then presented at the project kickoff meeting held with key team members and stakeholders.
CTE’s modeling suite uses our proprietary engineering and analysis tools to develop an independent operational analysis that helps the fleet owner match ZEV technologies to service requirements.
Vehicle & Route Modeling – CTE gathers data on routes, technical specifications of the vehicle and charging or refueling equipment, and operational assumptions. This route and vehicle information is used to model the vehicles’ duty cycles, simulating vehicle performance on selected routes. The process also ensures that adequate power and energy storage specifications are met and inform fueling and charging strategies.
Fueling Infrastructure Modeling – For battery electric vehicle deployments, CTE defines charging scenarios to model electricity consumption and assess charging equipment requirements. Modeling results for electricity inform infrastructure procurement and operational decisions. For fuel cell electric vehicle deployments, CTE will determine daily hydrogen consumption and station throughput requirements given the fleet owner’s refueling window. CTE will also estimate a station scale-up plan as a starting point for fueling station design discussions.
Fuel Cost Modeling – CTE examines electric utility rate structures to estimate the annual cost of energy to charge battery electric vehicles. CTE works with the fleet owner and local utility providers to determine rate schedules that would be the most advantageous for supporting battery electric vehicle deployments. For fuel cell electric vehicle deployments, CTE will identify likely sources of hydrogen supply, evaluate hydrogen supply reliability, and estimate the cost of hydrogen.
Based on the modeling outputs, CTE helps fleet owners develop vehicle and infrastructure technical specifications to meet service requirements. The specifications can then be used as part of a competitive procurement or to develop a contract with a named vendor. CTE also provides advisory services throughout the design and build process.
If the fleet owner chooses to select a vehicle, charging, hydrogen refueling station, or facility modification vendor through a competitive procurement, CTE supports the fleet owner in the procurement process, including the preparation of Requests for Proposals (RFP), technical evaluation of proposals, vendor demonstrations, site visits to vendor facilities, vendor negotiations, and contracting.
Before the delivered vehicles enter service, CTE runs a series of tests to validate the expected levels of vehicle performance. If there are any discrepancies between the modeled and the tested performance, CTE will work with the fleet owner to analyze these discrepancies and reevaluate operational decisions before the fleet owner places the vehicles into service.
CTE collects operational data to generate a series of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to measure benefits and ensure the vehicles perform as expected. KPIs can be used to compare ZEV performance against the fleet owner’s current vehicle fleet by measuring and reporting mileage, fuel consumption and costs, maintenance costs, battery degradation, and efficiency and range under varying conditions. This information is used to assess energy savings, cost savings, and emissions reductions to measure performance against expectations and goals and to validate the operating model. Continuous KPI monitoring establishes an understanding of the technology that can be applied to future ZEV procurements, deployments, and long-range fleet management planning.
CTE employs a project management methodology specifically designed for zero-emission vehicle deployments and augmented by established project management, administration, reporting, and controls processes. CTE provides technical advisory services throughout the project to ensure that fleet owner staff understand the differences in technology and the best practices for deploying and operating ZEVs. CTE’s Smart Deployment Methodology is designed to address all aspects of a successful implementation including planning, requirements analysis, specifications, workforce development requirements, operator and maintenance training, testing and validation, and performance evaluation.
From identifying the right opportunity to managing post-award requirements, CTE provides full-service grant support tailored to your needs. Our team combines policy insight with deep technical expertise to develop competitive applications that align with funding priorities. We de-risk projects through data-driven strategies for technology selection, deployment modeling, procurement planning, and validation—positioning your project for long-term success.
Transition Planning Services
We assess the viability of transitioning to zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) for a variety of fleet types, including transit buses, commercial trucks, port equipment, airport ground transportation and support vehicles, and more. This includes evaluating the energy requirements, vehicle performance, and emissions impacts of different ZEV technologies.
We analyze the types of ZEVs and “fueling” strategies that would best meet existing service requirements. This includes considering factors such as vehicle range, operational costs, and environmental impact.
We define a plan and related costs to upgrade utility service and add charging solutions or hydrogen fueling stations to support the transition to ZEVs.
We assess costs and benefits of various ZEV transition strategies. This includes considering factors such as vehicle purchase and operating costs, infrastructure costs, and fuel savings.
We define a comprehensive series of projects to meet a fleet operator’s transition goals. This includes identifying funding sources, developing implementation plans, and tracking progress.
Commercial & Private Fleets Project Spotlight
C.H. Robinson Foundation Strategic Industry Grant
In 2024, CTE was awarded a C.H. Robinson Foundation Strategic Industry Grant to develop a zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) transition plan for a private-sector fleet aligned with the foundation’s mission to positively impact people, communities, industries, and the planet. Through a competitive Expression of Interest (EOI) process, CTE selected Recology, a San Francisco–based waste management company committed to advancing sustainable resource recovery practices.
CTE is using its Zero-Emission Fleet Transition Planning Methodology to develop a customized roadmap for the phased replacement of Recology’s fleet with ZEVs. The project includes data collection and analysis, a market assessment of commercially available vehicles, and detailed evaluations of fueling, maintenance, facilities, and total cost of ownership.
The final deliverable will be an actionable, long-range transition plan that includes a recommended deployment timeline and order-of-magnitude cost estimates.


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CTE is here to help successfully plan, deploy, and monitor your fleet. We want to hear from you!
